Collectie
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Artikel
Katern 0: Introductie
Het onderzoeksprogramma Values for Survival verkent het denken en het design waarmee we in de huidige tijd van onzekerheid en onwetendheid leven en overleven. De resultaten van dit onderzoeksprogramma tussen beleid, onderzoek en ontwerp worden gepubliceerd in Cahiers. In deze notitie- of logboeken worden verschillende reflecties en resultaten van onderzoek in de tijd gedocumenteerd en ontstaat inspiratie voor de toekomst.
In de komende maanden zullen we meer Cahiers maken met verschillende structuren en met andere auteurs die ook toekomstige waarden voor overleven bestuderen. Zo geven we voorlopig digitaal invulling aan het onderzoek dat door Hashim Sarkis, curator van 17de Architectuur Biënnale van Venetië, is geïnitieerd. Hij stelde de vraag ‘How will we live together?’ en de Nederlandse bijdrage antwoorde met een wedervraag ‘Who isWe?’. In de Cahiers Values for Survival worden verschillende antwoorden op deze vragen verzameld. In de Cahiers worden zo de resultaten van het aanvullende onderzoeksprogramma van de Nederlandse bijdrage aan de Biënnale zichtbaar. -
Artikel
Katern 1: Polyphonic Cities
Sociale en ecologische stedelijke ontwikkelingen worden in Europa steeds vaker in relatie tot elkaar beschouwd. Het in kaart brengen van deze ontwikkelingen speelt zich af op verschillende niveaus, van internationale politiek tot persoonlijk leven.
De stad is bij uitstek een omgeving waar het politieke systeem en het persoonlijke leven elkaar raken. Het is daarom een uitdaging om de waarden onder toekomstvisies zo vorm te geven dat zowel de mensen zich erin herkennen als dat samenwerking tussen verschillende overheden bevorderd wordt. Dit hoofdstuk opent met een korte schets van Dagmar Keim over de jongste Europese geschiedenis van het gezamenlijk vormgeven van sociaal en ecologisch stedelijk beleid. Vervolgens schetst Dirk van de Heuvel in een aantal beelden hoe in Nederland stadsnatuur in de laatste decennia is ontwikkeld. Annelys van der Vet toont subjectieve atlassen die zij met mensen in verschillende wereldsteden heeft gemaakt. Deze atlassen laten zien hoe mensen dagelijks vanuit een persoonlijk perspectief waarden voor overleven vormgeven. Vervolgens spreekt Farid Tabarki met ambtenaren uit zes Nederlandse steden over het maken van een waarden gedreven omgevingsvisie voor hun stad. Klaas Kuitenbrouwer tenslotte, leidt een gesprek over hoe men de spanningen, die ontstaan in stedelijke ontwikkeling, kan hanteren. -
Artikel
Katern 2: Multispecies Urbanism
Nu de tekenen toenemen dat de aarde uitgeput raakt en het klimaat verandert, wordt de relatie tussen mens en omgeving getart. Ongekende vormen van zorg en beheer zijn noodzakelijk nu duidelijk is geworden dat onverwachte dreiging in korte tijd kan ontstaan. Klimaat adaptieve concepten voor stadsplanning en beheer zijn in ontwikkeling.
Debra Solomon introduceert Multispecies Urbanism als een gedachtegoed waarin zorg voor natuur en ecologie in de stad tot prioriteit wordt gemaakt. Mensen staan niet op zichzelf maar maken deel uit van de multispecies en bevinden zich in een wederkerige relatie met het stadlandschap. Als voorbeeld wordt het Voedselbos Amsterdam Zuidoost beschreven waar een diverse lokale gemeenschap een ecologische zone van 55 hectare ontwerpt die klimaatbestendig is en biodiversiteit verhoogt. Data, betoogt Annemarie van Wezel, bieden nieuwe mogelijkheden voor het monitoren van de stadsecologie. Studio Wild focust op verboden planten en argumenteert dat geopolitieke verhoudingen dit fenomeen diepgaand beïnvloeden. Arjan van Timmeren stelt vast dat naast onkunde ook onwil de reden is dat de combinatie van technologie, netwerk- en milieu denken niet heeft geleid tot duurzame steden. Hij pleit voor hormesis, voor het genereren van een constante staat van beperkte spanning waardoor de veerkracht van een stad kan worden vergroot. Maria Kaika laat zien hoe de manier van reageren op ‘falen’ bepalend is voor de toekomst die we laten ontstaan en een betere definitie van ‘smart city’ kan inspireren. Tot slot beschrijft kunstenaar Lada Hrask het onderzoeksproject Fish Eye, waarin zij van micro tot macro niveau de wateren rond Venetië bestudeert en oproept tot reflectie en bescheidenheid. -
Artikel
Chapter 3: Multiplicity of Other
Door de manier waarop mensen met ‘anders zijn’ omgaan, wordt verschil bijna onbewust onzichtbaar gemaakt, zeker wanneer van machtongelijkheid sprake is. Vanuit verschillende perspectieven wordt belicht hoe vanuit ‘verschil’ een kritisch en op emancipatie gericht paradigma voor ontwerp, onderzoek en beleid kan ontstaan dat energie, overvloed en succes genereert.
Afaina de Jong introduceert Multiplicity of Other als een nieuwe ontwerp strategie die het dominante architectuurparadigma uitdaagt. Met haar Spaces of Other creëert zij vrije ruimtes waarin meer diverse en niet gehoorde stemmen klinken waardoor andere toekomstbeelden ontstaan. Azza Karam vraagt aandacht voor de relatie tussen macht en verbeelding en argumenteert dat waarden en religiegedreven politiek kan leiden tot neokoloniale verhoudingen en zelfs barbarij. Zij roept op om terug te keren naar de bescheidenheid, medemenselijkheid en respect voor al het leven op aarde, waartoe religies aansporen. Mounir Samuel geeft een persoonlijk ‘spoken word’ over leven en over leven op de grens van het oordeel in deze tijd en raakt de lezer in het hart. De beschrijving van de succesvolle Amsterdamse Aanpak Gezond Gewicht laat zien hoe met een systeembenadering in het onderzoek naar kinderen met obesitas, diversiteit tot uitgangspunt heeft gemaakt. Het collectief Failed Architecture wil nieuwe verhalen ontwikkelen en richt zich in haar kritiek op alles wat er gebeurt nadat een gebouw af is. Tot slot houdt Halleh Ghorashi een vlammend betoog voor geëngageerde wetenschap waarin nieuwe methodologieën stem kunnen geven aan hen die structureel niet worden gehoord. -
Artikel
Katern 4: Sharing Research
Cities have become complex systems in which each element interacts with many others. Research in cities requires an integrated and interdisciplinary approach – sharing and collaboration between different fields of knowledge can partly determine the quality of life in the city.
Several authors reflect on openresearch. amsterdam, a new online platform for knowledge development in Amsterdam. This chapter opens with Stone soup, an old European folk tale about the quality that emerges when people share. Caroline Nevejan describes the development of sustainable knowledge infrastructures between several European cities and their universities, arguing that the design discipline has an added value for research and policy. Paul Wouters sees a turning point in the field of knowledge-sharing to connect different life worlds, seeing collaborative knowledge production as an inspiring example. Ino Paap wonders whether physical and traditional knowledge can be exchanged through online platforms and discusses the role that reflection can play. Editors of openresearch.amsterdam describe the creation of the new platform in which colleges, universities, and the local government formally work together. Pinar Sefkatli talks about her experience in working with students, highlighting the importance of sharing work in progress. Finally, philosophy student, Veronica Baas, gives a reflection on the emergence of knowledge in social interactions and how a democratic influence can help determine what knowledge is. -
Artikel
Katern 5: Circular City
Lokaal en mondiaal, sociaal en ecologisch, fysiek en virtueel, in materialen en in data – een circulaire economie heeft vele perspectieven nodig om succesvol te zijn. Amsterdam is een pionier in het strategisch vertalen van het concept circulariteit naar praktische methoden, instrumenten en projecten in de stad.
In het eerste essay pleit Peter van Assche voor radicale circulaire architectuur – een choreografie van materiële overgangen, vergelijkbaar met vaste stoffen, naar vloeistoffen en gassen en weer terug. Eveline Jonkhoff introduceert de redenen waarom een circulaire strategie nodig is voor een stad als Amsterdam en beschrijft samen met veel collega’s, bedrijven en inwoners van de stad hoe deze tot stand is gekomen. Om het raamwerk van deze strategie te ontwikkelen, werkte ze samen met de Britse wetenschapper Kate Raworth, auteur van Donut Economics. Die volgt met een nieuw artikel waarin ze betoogt dat de onderlinge verbondenheid van mensen – zowel lokaal als mondiaal, sociaal en ecologisch – de vorm bepaalt van voortgang. Raworth toont vervolgens het eerste circulaire portret van Amsterdam, gemaakt met de stad en internationale partners. Juan-Carlos Goilo analyseert hoe informatie als actor in steden als Amsterdam of eilanden als Curaçao heel anders functioneert dankzij de mondiale data-economie, waardoor als vanzelfsprekend nieuwe koloniale verhoudingen ontstaan. Goilo sluit af met het tonen van de eerste beelden van de Amsterdamse circulaire economie monitor, gemaakt in samenwerking met ontwerpbureau Beautiful Minds. -
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Chapter 6: Architectures of Trust – Introduction
This Cahier 2 is a distillation of a series of experiments that are part of the complimentary research programme of the Dutch contribution to the 17th Architecture Biennale carried out during the COVID-19 lock-down, when travelling and physical proximity were severely limited. The Biennale organization had postponed the exhibition, and all events associated with it were cancelled. In this totally unforeseen and dramatic situation, new questions arose around the nature of collaboration itself.
Can intuition and experience be shared between people who do not know each other and cannot meet?
(Below you can read and download the the whole chapter.) -
Artikel
Chapter 7: Arsenals of Globalization
The Arsenale of Venice is nowadays an urban landmark and the core location of the Biennale. Historically, it was the maritime power centre of the Republic of Venice, where the naval and merchant fleet of the city state was mass produced. The formula of self-contained and large-scale shipbuilding yards can be recognized in another maritime city, Amsterdam. Although incomparable in size and age, the Oostenburg shipyard of the trading organization of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) can be considered identical to the Arsenale. Both arsenals represent predecessors of industrial production and urban centres of globalization linked to shipping networks. The exploratory project of archaeologists Jerzy Gawronski and Francesco Tiboni, and Venetian shipbuilding expert Gilberto Penzo aims to show this shared identity through the material culture of shipbuilding tools.
(Below you can read and download the full chapter.) -
Artikel
Chapter 8: Vanishing Homelands
Through a series of interviews, testimonies and dialogues, using investigative journalism and demographic data, we analyze the impact of global warming on two complex and fragile ecosystems. Venice, Italy and Shariatpur in Bangladesh are seemingly in opposite ends of the world. Though separated by geographic, climatic and cultural realities, both places are tied to the same tragic fate, being continuously impacted by rising of global temperatures and sea levels.
(Below you can read and download the full chapter.) -
Artikel
Chapter 9: Tides of Tourism
In this track we investigate tourism as a spatio-temporal phenomenon, with its own daily, weekly, seasonal and yearly rhythms, which are guided and governed as flows and tides. Rhythms, like tides, are temporal and spatial compositions; in an urban context they also gain a policy dimension. Conceptualizing tourism via these frames of reference provides for a reconsideration of the ontologies which surround demographics (that is, the tourist and the local), regulations (local and regional scales), and spatial usages and distributions, while rhythm interventions choreograph how these urban practices intersect. Our exploration takes place in Amsterdam, Venice and Glasgow: cities that have been adapted to tidal rhythms throughout the centuries. The first two cities are faced with overflowing tourism, and have adopted different management approaches, while the latter is looking for ways to invite tourism to enrich the economy of the city. Through the lens of speculative rhythm interventions, our research examines how tourism might be better orchestrated in various urban contexts.
(Below you can read and download the whole chapter.) -
Artikel
Chapter 10: Talking Sands - Fisheye
How big is the impact of microorganisms on our planet? The radical COVID-19 crisis pointed out what microbiology has known for a long time. The scale relations and entanglements between social and ecological processes, visible and invisible worlds, are the main topics of Talking Sands-Fisheye.
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Artikel
Chapter 11: What do we need?
Building on the main question of the 17th Architecture Biennale in Venice ‘How will we live together?’, Zola Can, together with seven ‘story-catchers’, explored what Amsterdammers need in the future. With the question ‘What do you need in the future of the city?’ they did not investigate what people want in the seven boroughs of Amsterdam, because surely everyone wants something, but what they need is a completely different question.
Each district has its own vibe and character. This diversity constitutes Amsterdam’s identity. In the various boroughs, story-catchers collected conversations, images, poems and stories for a period of six weeks. Based on what they ‘caught’, this chapter provides an impression of what residents of Amsterdam need in the future.
(Below you can read and download the whole chapter.) -
Artikel
Chapter 12: Protest or not to Protest
With this research, we explored and critically discussed the linguistics and iconography of disruption, protest and engagement – in the context of the ideas related to a multispecies urbanism. We explored these topics in relation to the urban context of Venice and Amsterdam, the 2020/2021 Biennial theme ‘How will we live together?’ and ‘Values for Survival’ as introduced by the Venice Exploratorium. With Protest or not to Protest we looked at the manifestation, contextualization and representation of disruption and activism as a spatial form, and as a form of engagement and care – in the media, online and otherwise.
(Below you can read and download the full chapter.) -
Artikel
Chapter 13: Space of Other
Space of Other is a spatial installation and performative space by architect Afaina de Jong and artist Innavision that explores the relation between space and identity in the context of the gentrifying city. The installation mediates between the public spaces of the city, its interior spaces and its residents altering notions of representation through presentation.
Spaces like identities are constructed. And even though spaces can often seem neutral or given, our movements, activities and life are always dictated by the way space is produced. The same is true for identity. Identities are constructed and not always by ourselves. At this moment in history, we are once more reconsidering notions of identity, while at the same time, cities are becoming more and more universal and generic. Gentrification is displacing residents who have over time created local cultures, causing the loss of identity, community, collective memory and public space.
(Below you can read and download the whole chapter.) -
Artikel
Chapter 14: Unfolding Arch of Forging Fantasy
In this track we wanted to research the fan as a communicative tool. Few historic totems carried as much symbolic weight as the handheld decorative fan. Hand fans were absent in Europe during the Middle Ages until they were reintroduced in the 13th and 14th centuries through Venice, when fans from the Middle East were brought by crusaders and refugees from Constantinople. Traders brought them from China and Japan in the 16th century, and fans became generally popular. During a certain period of time, the fan became an ideal instrument of communication in an age in which freedom of speech for women was absolutely restricted. The main gestures were known as ‘the language of the fan’. The earliest such language was made up of individual letters, and later variations were ‘extensions of body language’, mostly to transmit a love code.
Not only are fans beautiful, a great means of communication, used in social etiquette and thus a carrier of expression in many cultures, they are also foremost practical objects to carry on a warm day in times of climate change. The ornate, dramatic and once-ubiquitous item is worth resurrecting now more than ever: wouldn’t it be great to develop an updated messaging system for these battery-free tools to cool down? -
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Chapter 15: Forbidden Garden
For this Exploratorium we will research and investigate the possibilities for a radical new garden on the former site of the 19th-century Orto Botanico di Venezia at San Giobbe. The site has long been abandoned since being used for various other functions like a torpedo factory and an electricity company. Our research is triggered by a 2016 European piece of legislation, which consists of 35 alien invasive plant species that have been put onto a list of Union Concern, which means that these plant species have been degraded to a minority that cannot be traded, imported, sold or grown within the borders of the European Union. We want to provoke this European legislation by dealing with the question of whether spatial, legal and social restrictions always contribute to a more biodiverse society. We want to question the impact of legislation on nature and our built environment by exploring the theme of nature versus culture, and pose questions about what is native and what is invasive. We think that by investigating the role of the garden within our society, together as designers and researchers, we will find new ways of working with nature and our built environment, which are both under enormous pressure. For this we propose that the Orto Botanico di Venezia could be the perfect stage for reinventing the city garden of the present and the future.
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Artikel
Chapter 16: Radical Observation
From May 2020, two community groups in the process of performing longterm ecological interventions in their own public space began performing and documenting their design and development praxis using a methodology called Radical Observation.
The group based in Venice started activating a location they call the Green Triangle. So Young Han from We are here Venice offers practical support and manages the Radical Observation praxis in Venice, in order to develop the Green Triangle initiative with local residents and community groups and to ensure its lasting impact. The group based in Amsterdam has been working together on their public space location entitled the Amsterdam Zuidoost Food Forest (VBAZO) since 2018. Debra Solomon and Renate Nollen lead this project with more than 60 engaged locals and several municipal departments.
In 2020–2021 both groups intend to share their developments, designs and
radical observations.
(Below you can read and download the whole chapter) -
Artikel
Chapter 17: Zoöp
In this site-specific research, teams from four different cities in Europe critically explored and refined a method that makes legible as well as actionable the development in resilience of multispecies communities, which were approached as Zoöps.
The Zoöp is a new cooperative form of organisation for representing and cooperating with nonhuman ecological communities, developed at the Neuhaus academy for more than-human knowledge at Het Nieuwe Instituut. The term Zoöp is a combination of co-op (short for “ cooperative ”) and zoë, the Greek word for “ life ”. The Zoöp aims to strengthen the legal position of nonhuman life in human societies, and to stimulate ecological regeneration that is not subjected to extractivist economic logic.
(Below you can read and download the whole chapter.) -
Artikel
Chapter 18: Sant'Erasmo 2038
“To travel is very useful, it makes the imagination work, the rest is just delusion and pain. Our journey is 56.3% imaginary, which is its strength.”
Sant’Erasmo was until now another struggling local pantry for the restaurants in the centre of Venice, dedicated to mass tourism. The island, with severe difficulties in competing with the global market and after decades of exploitation and environmental abuse, has been suddenly reappointed by the pandemic as a possible fruitful habitat for Venetians, humans and non-humans. This is the starting point of a collaborative project that combines documentary with science fiction, aiming to explore the complex current situation of Sant’Erasmo, and to speculate on feasible and favourable scenarios for its future as a living structure.
(Below you can read and download the whole chapter.) -
Artikel
Chapter 19: Scripts of the Lagoon
The project, Scripts of the Lagoon, explores the relation between sound and responsive asemic scripts (scripts that deconstruct culture-specific and structured languages and transforms them into a universal language of pure emotion). The aim is to develop an audio-visual script for transhuman life forms. The interaction between sound, colors, shapes, and motion will create a series of animated audio-visual segments, phrases consisting of unintelligible sounds, that can be assembled and combined in endless configurations, triggered by and responding to movement and light. The sounds of the Venetian lagoon forms the foundation of this exploration and guides the creation of this imaginary script that will act as interface between the underwater and the overwater worlds. Underwater sounds are a central theme of the exploration, whereby sound becomes the force from which data is extracted and used to build an immersive and imaginary world where symbols act as both abstract script and three-dimensional organism.
(Below you can read and download the whole chapter.) -
Artikel
Chapter 20: City Science
Between January 2019 and July 2020, over 35 European cities formed the City Science Initiative (CSI) to explore how the science-policy interface operates in light of the emergent urban challenges and crises. It seems that the impact of current national and EU funded research programs needs to be enhanced for tackling cities urban challenges. This report aims to inspire people in municipalities, universities, networks, different layers of government and the European Commission to develop a variety of science-policy interfaces for handling of urban challenges in the near future.
(Below you can read and download the whole chapter.) -
Artikel
Chapter 21: Connecting Spheres
Story by: Caroline Nevejan
Images by: Helen Vreedeveld
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Hoofdstuk 22: Alles & Niets
Verhaal door: Juan Carlos Golio
Afbeeldingen door: Francis Sling
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Chapter 23: Nature's Rhythms
Story by: Sirishkumar Manji
Images by: Max Kisman
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Chapter 24: Tuning Together
Story by: Debra Solomon
Images by: Gijs Frieling
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Chapter 25: Rhythm in Fights
Story by: Marie Rosenkrantz Lindegaard
Images by: Cyprian Koscielniak
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Chapter 26: Magic
Vibrations - story & images by: Innavisions
Riddles - story and images by: Rein Jansma
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Chapter 27: Weaving Networks
Story by: Lipika Bansal
Images by: Hitankshu Bhatt
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Chapter 28: Rhythm & Algorithm
Story by: Alessandro Bozzon
Images by: Richard Vijgen
Based on real traffic data from: City of Amsterdam
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Artikel
Chapter 29: Circles in Five
Story by: Angelo Vermeulen
Images by: Arise Wan & Heeyoun Kim
SEADS (Space Ecologies Art & Design)
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Chapter 30: Surfing the Waves
Story by: Ivo Lima Carmo
Images by: Barrack Rima
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Chapter 31: Whirling Little Girl
Story by: Kaouthar Darmoni
Images by: Wissam Shawkat
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Chapter 32: Being in Sync
Story by: Satinder Gill
Images by: Naji El Mir
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Chapter 33: To Tune or Not to Tune
Story by: Caroline Nevejan
Images by: Huda Abifarès
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