Article

How Different Places Affect Water and Heat in the Netherlands

Land Cover Control on the Drivers of Evaporation and Sensible Heat Fluxes

Land cover plays a crucial role in determining how water and energy are exchanged between the land surface and the atmosphere. To understand these exchanges across different land cover types at a regional scale, we need observations from various environments. In this study, we investigated how daily and midday latent and sensible heat fluxes are controlled over different land cover types, considering three main factors: energy availability, water availability, and exchange efficiency.

We analyzed data from 19 eddy covariance flux tower sites across the Netherlands, representing six different land cover types in the same climatic zone. Through regression analysis, we identified the key drivers of these flux dynamics. Our results show that land cover partly explains the variability in daily and midday turbulent fluxes.

We found that:

  • Evaporation dynamics from grassland, peatland swamp, and cropland sites are mainly influenced by energy availability.
  • Forest evaporation is primarily driven by water availability.
  • Urban evaporation is affected by both water availability and exchange efficiency.
  • Open water evaporation is predominantly influenced by exchange efficiency.

Interestingly, we observed that the sensible heat flux is less sensitive to land cover type, indicating that the land-atmosphere interface plays a significant role in regulating sensible heat exchange.

Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the complex dynamics of evaporation over different land cover types

Authors:

Femke A. Jansen1 , Harro J. Jongen1,2 , Cor M. J. Jacobs3 , Fred C. Bosveld4 , Alexander J. V.
Buzacott5, Bert G. Heusinkveld2, Bart Kruijt6 , Michiel van der Molen2, Eddy Moors5,7 , Gert-Jan
Steeneveld2 , Christiaan van der Tol8 , Ype van der Velde5, Bernard Voortman9, Remko Uijlenhoet10,
and Adriaan J. Teuling1

Image credits

Header image: Wageningen Universiteit

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