This chapter describes measures and presents details related to energy aspects in public space and the accompanying subsurface space and adjacent buildings.
The Netherlands has signed the Paris Agreement on climate change, and the City of Amsterdam aims to use no natural gas by 2040. Those two targets on the horizon call for a radical energy transition of continued energy conservation, alternative energy carriers (heat, electricity, hydrogen) and alternative sources of energy (such as sustainable heat, sun and wind).
The energy measures and resulting details focus in particular on local energy production, storage and transfer (substations). For example, solar energy, urban wind turbines, biogas production and sustainable heat sources. With regard to the last of these, Amsterdam finds itself in a remarkable position, because large data centres located around the city produce a lot of residual heat. This heat is sustainable and its beneficial use aligns with a sustainable energy strategy. That is why heat from data centres has been included as a measure within the theme of heat.
Big cities with older and newer neighbourhoods always have to deal with a mixture of existing buildings, new area development and transformation of neighbourhoods. In terms of energy, this leads to a combination of existing systems and new techniques. The measures in this book comprise existing techniques (such as a heat-transfer station for district heating) and newer techniques such as low-temperature heat supply, PV panels, bioenergy and centralized battery systems.
The measures also include various types of substations, not only for heat but also for electricity. The energy transition entails a stronger targeting of electricity as an energy carrier and, as a result, more substations will be required in urban neighbourhoods. Moreover, measures for heat and electricity require a lot of space and a dense network of cables and pipes (especially for heat distribution). Controlling supply and demand by means of a flexible network can reduce peak electricity consumption. Such underground networks are not presented within the theme Energy but within the theme Soil & Subsurface.
English version can be downloaded below.
Table of content:
Whole Area / WA
E-WA1 Reuse of residual heat
E-WA2 Heat-distribution in neighbourhood
E-WA3 Sustainable heat/cold source
E-WA4 Facilitating electricity in neighbourhood
Public Space / PS
E-PS1 Generating bioenergy
E-PS2 Energy storage in public space
E-PS3 Charging station for electric vehicle
E-PS4 Facilitating electricity and data in public space
Site / ST
E-ST1 Generating wind energy
E-ST2 Energy storage on site
Building / BD
E-BD1 Generating solar energy and bioenergy
E-BD2 Heat-transfer station (block level)