This analysis provides a description of how circular economy narratives came into being through proxies and visualizations. It provides insights into how Amsterdam developed ideas about the “transition” and what is necessary to achieve it. It discusses the circular aesthetics that was introduced with the policy, by elaborating on the visualizations. It also discusses passages where the city formulated proxies. It is an in-depth analysis of two policy documents:

- Amsterdam Decidedly Sustainable 2011-2014 (Amsterdam Beslist Duurzaam);
- Amsterdam, the Circular Metropolis 2014-2018 (de Circulaire Metropool Amsterdam).

Image credits

Icon image: Putra and van der Knaap, “Amsterdam Smart City Pillars”

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