The methodology uses free, easily accessible satellite images to visually identify cooling and fuel type, and empirical water-use factors to estimate water demand. The method was tested against 200 U.S. power plants
and achieved 90 percent precision in cooling technology identification, 89 percent precision in fuel identification, and 69 percent precision in water demand estimation. Information gleaned from this methodology can be used by companies, investors, and the general public to better understand water risks to energy and to devise a better path forward.
Source: Luo, T., A. Krishnaswami, and X. Li. 2018. “A Methodology to Estimate Water Demand for Thermal Power Plants in Data-Scarce Regions Using Satellite Images.” Technical Note. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available online.